EXPERTS who visited a wrecked museum in the Syrian city of Palmyra have revealed grim new details about the extent of its destruction by Islamic State militants.

The extremists trashed the museum, smashing some of its best-known artefacts and statues, cutting off the heads and hands of statues and demolishing others before being driven out last month.

The first foreign experts who visited the museum after it was taken over from the militants said they spent a week collecting fragments of priceless broken sculptures from the grounds and preparing them for transportation to Damascus.

They hope this rescue mission will help salvage most of the contents of the museum.

Back in the Syrian capital, they offered further details about the extent of the destruction caused by the IS militants during their 10-month stay in the ancient town.

Bartosz Markowski, from the Polish Archaeological Centre at the University of Warsaw, said most of the 200 objects which were exhibited on the ground floor of the Palmyra museum were destroyed, many of them apparently with hard tools like hammers.

Many artefacts have been stolen, he added, though it was not possible to know how many.

He and his colleagues were the first specialists to visit Palmyra after it was taken over by the Syrian army, and spent a week working and assessing the damage.

"We collected everything we could. The fragments were spread around the whole museum among broken glass and furniture ... It is a catastrophe," he said in the garden of the National Museum in Damascus.

During their rule of Palmyra, the extremists demolished some of the most famous Roman-era monuments that stand just outside the town, including two large temples dating back more than 1,800 years and a Roman triumphal archway, filming the destruction themselves for the world to see.

The sprawling outdoor site, a Unesco world heritage site, as well as the museum were among Syria's main tourist attractions before the civil war.

Among the best-known statues destroyed was the famous Lion of Allat, a 2,000-year-old statue which previously greeted visitors and tourists outside the Palmyra museum.

The statue, which used to adorn the temple of Allat, a pre-Islamic goddess in Palmyra, was defaced by IS militants and knocked over by bulldozers.

The statue was seen lying outside the museum building with its face cut and some of its broken pieces lying next to it.

"Fortunately we collected most of the fragments and I hope it can be reconstructed very soon," said Mr Markowski, who in 2005 took part in a Polish archaeological mission that did renovation work on the statue.

His colleague, Robert Zukowski, said the limestone lion statue should be the first thing restored and "it should stay in Palmyra as a sign of resistance against the barbarians."

In addition to the damage inflicted by IS, Mr Markowski said the museum building has suffered structural damage due to bombs falling.

"There's broken ceilings, broken walls, roofs, a lot of garbage and fragments of bricks everywhere, and among that there are fragments of sculptures," he said.

He said the restoration will require a massive international effort and years to accomplish.

"I think most of the objects can be restored, but they will never look as they did before," he added.